Salient Achievements
Completed Research Projects : Nil
Ongoing Research Projects : Nil
Curricular Research Projects :
1. Dr. Archana Raje (2016). “Pharmacokinetics and safety evaluation of moxifloxacin in cow calves)”.
Research Findings: The present study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin (5 mg.kg-1 b.wt.) in healthy cow calves after i.v. and i.m. administrations. Based on these results, an appropriate dosage regimen of moxifloxacin was calculated for its clinical use in cow calves. In addition, safety assessment of moxifloxacin was also conducted following i.m. administration of moxifloxacin (5 mg.kg-1 b.wt., repeated at 24 h interval) for 5 days in cow calves.
The concentrations of moxifloxacin in plasma were estimated at different time intervals by microbiological assay technique and the various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma concentration-time data of moxifloxacin after its single dose i.v. and i.m. administration, by software PK solution (version 2.0) using non-compartmental method of analysis.
After a single i.v. administration of moxifloxacin in healthy cow calves, the peak plasma level was 11.6 ± 0.21 µg.ml-1 obtained at 1 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 4 h of injection. The t1/2α, AUC0-∞, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.16 ± 0.02 h, 13.36 ± 0.286 µg.ml-1.h, 1.35 ± 0.028 L.kg-1, 2.50 ± 0.011 h and 0.375 ± 0.008 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. Following single i.m. administration of moxifloxacin in healthy cow calves, the peak plasma level (4.01 ± 0.10 µg.ml-1) was attained at 45 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 6 h. The t1/2 ka, AUC0-∞, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.470 ± 0.017 h, 11.27 ± 0.200 µg.ml-1.h, 1.53 ± 0.021 L.kg-1, 2.38 ± 0.025 h and 0.444 ± 0.008 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. The systemic bioavailability of moxifloxacin was 88.14 ± 2.72 per cent, after i.m. injection.
On the basis of pharmacokinetic data, an appropriate dosage regimen of moxifloxacin to be repeated at 8 h intervals would be 6.21 followed by 5.53 mg.kg-1 b.wt. and 7.82 followed by 7.06 mg.kg-1 b.wt. by i.v. and i.m. route, respectively, in healthy cow calves.
There is no significant alteration in the values of haematological and serum biochemical parameters following multiple i.m. doses of moxifloxacin in cow calves. It indicated that its repeated administration for 5 days was well tolerated and safe in cow calves.
2. Dr. Neeru Yadav (2017) Thesis Title - “Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome following parenteral administration in healthy and febrile cow calves”
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefquinome (2 mg.kg-1b.wt.) in healthy cow calves after i.v. and i.m. administrations.In addition, the influence of experimentally (Brewer’s yeast) induced fever on the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome after i.m. administration was also evaluated. Based on the results obtained, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefquinomewas calculated for its clinical use in cow calves.
The concentrations of cefquinomein plasma were estimated at different time intervals by microbiological assay technique. The disposition pattern of cefquinome followed two-compartment open model after single i.v. administration in healthy cow calves and one-compartment open model after single i.m. administration in healthy and febrile cow calves.
After a single i.v. administration of cefquinomein healthy cow calves, the peak plasma level was 12.39 ± 0.16µg.ml-1 obtained at 0.017 h.The value of t1/2α, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.15 ± 0.01 h, 37.04 ± 0.60 µg.ml-1.h, 0.23 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 2.89 ± 0.05 h and 0.054 ± 0.001 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively.Following single i.m. administration of cefquinome, the peak plasma level was 8.19 ± 0.03 µg.ml-1 at 1 h in healthy cow calves and 10.14 ± 0.04 µg.ml-1 at 0.75 h in febrile cow calves. The value of t1/2 ka, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.17 ± 0.01 h, 23.64 ± 0.39 µg.ml-1.h, 0.28 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 2.33 ± 0.03 h and 0.084 ± 0.001 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively, in healthy cow calves and 0.19 ± 0.003 h, 39.01 ± 0.53 µg.ml-1.h, 0.16 ± 0.002 L.kg-1, 2.17 ± 0.03 h. and 0.052 ± 0.001 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively, in febrile cow calves.After i.m. injection, the systemic bioavailability of cefquinome was 63.90 ± 1.48 % in healthy cow calves and 105.5 ± 2.40 % in febrile cow calves. On the basis of pharmacokinetic data, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefquinome to be repeated at 12 h intervals would be 1.01 followed by 0.95 mg.kg-1b.wt. and 2.52 followed by 2.45 mg.kg-1b.wt. byi.v. and i.m. routes, respectively, in healthy cow calves and 1.91 followed by 1.87 mg.kg-1b.wt. by i.m. route in febrile cow calves. On the basis of the present results, it is concluded that, Brewer’s yeast induced fever alters the plasma levels, pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefquinome in cow calves. The dosage regimen of cefquinome is reduced in febrile cow calves in comparison to healthy cow calves.
3. Dr. Amit Kumar Pandey (2019). Thesis Title - “Effect of hepatic dysfunction on pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefquinome in goats”
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (2 mg.kg-1 b.wt.) in goat following its i.v. and i.m. administration and to investigate the effect of hepatic dysfunction on pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefquinome (2 mg.kg-1 b.wt.) in goats after i.v. administration. Based on these results, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefquinome was calculated for its clinical use in healthy and hepatic dysfunctioned goats.
The concentrations of cefquinome in plasma were estimated at different time intervals by microbiological assay technique and the various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma concentration-time data of cefquinome after its single dose i.v. administration in healthy and hepatic dysfunctioned goats by two-compartment open model and after its i.m. administration in healthy goats by one- compartment open model.
After a single i.v. administration of cefquinome in healthy goats, the peak plasma level was 14.99 ± 0.23 µg.ml-1 obtained at 1 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 18 h of injection. The t1/2α, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.20 ± 0.01 h, 38.04 ± 0.72 µg.ml-1.h, 0.23 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 3.00 ± 0.05 h and 0.053 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. Following single i.m. administration of cefquinome in healthy goats, the peak plasma level (8.64 ± 0.11 µg.ml-1) was attained at 1 h and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 12 h. The t1/2 ka, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.24 ± 0.01 h, 25.25 ± 0.22 µg.ml-1.h, 0.24 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 2.13 ± 0.03 h and 0.080 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively.
After a single i.v. administration of cefquinome in hepatic dysfunctioned goats, the peak plasma level was 13.09 ± 0.11 µg.ml-1 obtained at 1 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 8 h of injection. The t1/2α, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.15 ± 0.01 h, 25.55 ± 0.39 µg.ml-1.h, 0.22 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 1.90 ± 0.05 h and 0.078 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. The AUC and t1/2β were significantly decreased and the ClB is significantly increased in hepatic dysfunctioned goats as compared to healthy goats following i.v. administration.
On the basis of pharmacokinetic data, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefquinome to be repeated at 12 h intervals would be 0.92 followed by 0.87 mg.kg-1b.wt. and 3.05 followed by 3.00 mg.kg-1b.wt. for i.v. and i.m. route, respectively, in healthy goats while the dosage regimen of cefquinome to be repeated at 10 h interval would be 2.13 followed by 2.07 mg.kg-1 b.wt. for i.v. route, in hepatic dysfunctioned goats.
4. Dr. Neha Waskel (2019) Thesis Title - Anti-diabetic activity of Abroma augusta (Ulatkambal) and Potentilla fulgens (Bajradanti) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats”.
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of A. augusta and P. fulgens on streptozotocin induced (50 mg/kg b.wt., i.p.) diabetes in albino rats. The anti-diabetic activity of both indigenous plants was evaluated on the basis of body weight and biochemical alterations in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. In addition, acute toxicity study was also conducted to calculate the ALD50 of aq. and alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens. The ALD50 of A. augusta and P. fulgens were >1500 and >1250 mg/kg b.wt., respectively, orally in rats.
The study revealed that STZ produced a significant decrease in body weight from 186.7gm to 177.1 gm (day 14) which was maintained to 173.0 gm (day 21) and 167.1 gm (day 28) post treatment. Rats treated with aq. and alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens exhibited significant (p<0.05) increase in body weight on day 14 which was further increased on day 21 and returned to normal on day 28. Alc. exts. of indigenous plants showed more potent effect in terms of increase in body weight as compared to their respective aq. exts.
Similarly, STZ produced a significant rise in blood glucose level from 89.6 mg/dl to 294.9 mg/dl (day 0) which was maintained to 323.7 mg/dl (day 7), 333.7 mg/dl (day 14), 351.1 mg/dl (day 21) and 365.4 mg/dl (day 28) post treatment. Rats treated with aq. and alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens exhibited significant (p<0.05) reduction in hyperglycemia on day 7 which was further reduced on day 14 , day 21 and returned to normal on day 28 post treatment. The biochemical parameters namely, triglycerides, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in serum were also found to be reduced significantly in rats treated with aq. and alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens. The reduction in the level of blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, BUN and creatinine were more prominent in rats treated with alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens as compared to their respective aqueous extracts. The findings further revealed a significant rise in HDL in rats treated with aq. and alc. exts. of A. augusta and P. fulgens.
Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that glibenclamide, a standard anti-diabetic drug, exhibited maximum anti-diabetic effect followed by alcoholic extracts of A. augusta and P. fulgens and lastly aqueous extracts of A. augusta and P. fulgens in albino rats against streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
5. Dr. Rajpal Yadav (2019) Thesis Title - “Effect of hepatic-dysfunction on pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome along with its safety evaluation”.
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics of cefpirome (10 mg.kg-1 b.wt.) in goat following its i.v. and i.m. administration and to investigate the effect of hepatic dysfunction on pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome (10 mg.kg-1 b.wt.) in goats after i.v. administration. Based on these results, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefpirome was calculated for its clinical use in healthy and hepatic dysfunctioned goats. In addition, safety assessment of cefpirome was also conducted following i.m. administration of cefpirome (10 mg.kg-1 b.wt., repeated at 24 h interval) for 5 days in goats.
The concentrations of cefpirome in plasma were estimated at different time intervals by microbiological assay technique and the various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma concentration-time data of cefpirome after its single dose i.v. administration in healthy and hepatic dysfunctioned goats by two-compartment open model and after its i.m. administration in healthy goats by one- compartment open model.
After a single i.v. administration of cefpirome in healthy goats, the peak plasma level was 46.6 ± 0.43 µg.ml-1 obtained at 1 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 24 h of injection. The t1/2α, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.11 ± 0.02 h, 70.9 ± 0.65 µg.ml-1.h, 0.58 ± 0.02 L.kg-1, 2.85 ± 0.08 h and 0.14 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. Following single i.m. administration of cefpirome in healthy goats, the peak plasma level (22.2 ± 1.14 µg.ml-1) was attained at 45 minute and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 16 h. The t1/2 ka, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β, ClB and F were 0.18 ± 0.01 h, 69.5 ± 0.22 µg.ml-1.h, 0.54 ± 0.02 L.kg-1, 2.42 ± 0.03 h, 0.15 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, and 97.9 ± 0.69% respectively.
After a single i.v. administration of cefpirome in hepatic dysfunctioned goats, the peak plasma level was 43.6 ± 0.74 µg.ml-1 obtained at 1 min and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 16 h of injection. The t1/2α, AUC, Vdarea, t1/2β and ClB were 0.09 ± 0.01 h, 70.5 ± 0.48 µg.ml-1.h, 0.63 ± 0.01 L.kg-1, 3.07 ± 0.02 h and 0.14 ± 0.01 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively. The AUMC, Vdarea, t1/2β, MRT and td were significantly increased and the Kel was significantly decreased in hepatic dysfunctioned goats as compared to healthy goats following i.v. administration.
On the basis of pharmacokinetic data, an appropriate dosage regimen of cefpirome to be repeated at 16 h intervals would be 7.20 followed by 7.06 mg.kg-1 b.wt. and 13.4 followed by 13.3 mg.kg-1 b.wt. for i.v. and i.m. route, respectively, in healthy goats while 5.83 followed by 5.67 mg.kg-1 b.wt. for i.v. route, in hepatic dysfunctioned goats.
There is no significant alteration in the values of haematological and serum biochemical parameters following multiple i.m. doses of cefpirome in goats. It indicated that its repeated administration for 5 days was well tolerated and safe in healthy goats.
6. Durgesh Yadav (2019) Thesis tilte: Evaluation of ameliorative effect of curcumin and quercetin against fipronil induced toxicity in rats
Abstract: Fipronil is a class of phenyl pyrazole pesticides used for the control of a wide range of agricultural, public health and veterinary pests. Present study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effect of curcumin and quercetin against fipronil induced toxicity in rats. Rats were divided in to five groups, having six animals in each group. Group I was treated as control and group II, III, IV and V received, fipronil (10mg kg-1b.wt), fipronil + curcumin (10mg kg-1b.wt +100mg kg-1b.wt), fipronil+quercetin (10mg kg-1b.wt + 100mg kg-1b.wt) and fipronil +curcumin +quercetin (10mg kg-1b.wt 100mg kg-1b.wt + 100mg kg-1b.wt) respectively, orally daily for 28 days. The results revealed that fipronil caused significant (P<0.05) reduction in body weight of rats on 28th day of exposure compared to ‘0’ day value, which may be due to oxidative stress by fipronil. Hematological parameters changed non significantly throughout the study period in all groups indicated nontoxic effect of fipronil on blood parameters or bone marrow at given dose. Fipronil caused significant (P<0.05) increase in serum level of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, BUN and creatinine on14th and 28th day of exposure compare to ‘0’ day indicated liver and kidney damage by fipronil. However co-administration of curcumin and quercetin alone and in combination, mitigated the adverse effects of fipronil by causing reductions in level of biochemical parameters. Compared to curcumin and quercetin each alone, combination may provide more protection against fipronil induced toxicity and curcumin provide better protection when compared with quercetin.